Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is an emerging field, aiming to bring traceability and complexity management to the systems engineering process. However, multiple conceptual, technical, and organizational challenges continue to impede the effective deployment of MBSE in practice. This paper reports the results of a survey completed by 76 MBSE researchers and/or practitioners, on their organization’s use of MBSE. Our analysis indicates that many organizations have yet to fully leverage MBSE. Several have not completely transitioned to MBSE in their systems engineering processes, or do not adhere to any specific method, indicating a lack of a comprehensive and organization-wide MBSE approach. We find that challenges such as change management, cross-team collaboration, and tool customization persist. We report on these challenges and provide recommendations as potential solutions.